Exports at Risk from Non-Tariff Measures: The Experience of Commonwealth Countries
Simon J. Evenett
In recent years, increases in far-reaching tariffs have been widely publicised. While these have been important, this study demonstrates that larger shares of Commonwealth member countries’ exports have been exposed to changes in other policies, undertaken by their trading partners, that have tilted the commercial playing field towards favoured, local firms.
Any notion that protectionism is largely confined to ChinaUS bilateral trade should be set aside. Likewise any claims that protectionism is a temporary, passing phenomenon. The risks to Commonwealth exports have built up over the past 10 years, in much the same way as accumulating silt gums up river flow. The trade
reforms witnessed over this time period implicate far fewer Commonwealth exports and do not compensate for the resort to protectionism, in particular to non-tariff measures.
This study breaks new ground by combining three substantial databases of commercial policy change over the past decade to compute the shares of Commonwealth exports at risk from adverse policy changes and reforms by trading partners. The calculations undertaken for this study use the finest-grain trade data available globally, and the conservative methods employed imply that the resulting estimates almost certainly understate the scale of the threat to living standards.
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한국
중국
미국
지원/혜택
